课程概述

战略管理是工商管理专业的核心课程之一,主要是研究现代企业战略管理的观念、理论和方法。本课程是以管理学、企业管理学为基础,同时要紧密联系、应用财务管理学、市场营销学、生产运作管理、信息系统管理、人力资源管理等学科知识,是一门综合性较强的专业必修课。战略管理被称为工商管理专业的“顶石” 课程(Capstone course),是在一个更高的层面对企业未来整体发展进行研究。


证书要求

本课程成绩由以下四个部分构成:

(1)单元测验。占课程成绩40%,共40分,题型包括判断题、单项选择题。每题1分,共5分。(注:共7章,第三章测验总分10分,其他每章节测验总分5分。每题可尝试回答3次,取最高得分作为最终成绩)


(2)单元作业。占课程成绩15%,共15分,为案例企业分析。利用所学战略管理的理论方法及工具对一企业及其环境进行综合分析,并依此提出战略建议。作业成绩由互评方式确定。提交作业以后才能参加互评,每人至少要评价其他5人的作业,未参与互评只能得作业得分的50%,参与但未完成互评只能得作业得分的80%。(注:共设置三次作业,每次作业最高分值为5分)


(3)课程讨论。占课程成绩10%,共10分,课程讨论是指在“课堂交流区”中参加老师发起的讨论,只有这个交流区的讨论部分计入成绩。根据发帖和回帖的质量及数量来给予相应的分数。每次讨论发、回帖的总次数达到5次,可得5分;未达到5次者,按比例得分。(注:共设置二次讨论,每次讨论5分,共10分)


(4)期末考试。占课程成绩35%,共35分,期末考试的题型为判断题、单项选择题、多选题。(备注:单选15题,每题1分;多选5题,每题2分;判断10题,每题1分) 


预备知识

管理学,企业管理学,财务管理学,市场营销学,生产运作管理,供应链管理,信息管理,人力资源管理,组织行为学等。

授课大纲

战略管理教学大纲  COURSE SYLLABUS

课程名称:战略管理  Course: Strategic Management 

总 学 时:60  Course Timeline:60 (Lecture and Experiential Exercises )

面向对象:工商管理、营销、国贸,农经管理、经济学、信管等专业

For graduating business administration, marketing, international trade, agronomics, economics, IS management students.

使用教材: [美]弗雷德.R.戴维著, 《战略管理:概念部分》 第14版,培生教育出版集团,清华大学出版社,2016年出版。

Teaching material:

Fred R. David, Strategic Management Concepts ,14th Edition, Pearson Education Asia Ltd and Tsinghua University Press, 2016

课程描述:Course Description

一、课程的性质、地位和任务 The nature of strategic management module

《战略管理》是工商管理的核心课程之一,主要是研究现代企业战略管理的观念、理论和方法。企业战略管理是为了企业长期的生存和发展,在充分分析企业外部环境和内部条件的基础上,确定和选择达到目标的有效战略,并将战略付诸实施并进行控制和评价的一个动态管理过程,这一过程同时体现出科学性和艺术性。本课程是以管理学、企业管理学为基础,同时要紧密联系应用财务管理学、市场营销学、生产运作管理、信息系统管理、人力资源管理等学科知识,是一门综合性较强的专业必修课。设置本课程的目的就是通过对企业战略管理的学习,使学生掌握有关企业战略形成、实施和评估的方法及理论,培养学生解决实际问题的能力,提高综合分析和概括、决策素养。使学生初步具备管理者所需要的能力,为将来走上管理岗位打下坚实的基础。

Strategic Management is the capstone, integrative course for graduating business administration students. This is a course that focuses on how firms formulate, implement, and evaluate strategies on the bases of analyzing environments. Strategic Management is an Art & science of formulating, implementing, and evaluating, cross-functional decisions that enable an organization to achieve its objectives.

二、教学目的和基本要求Course Guidelines

通过本课程的教学,使学生了解战略管理的基础知识,掌握战略管理的基本概念,结合案例分析、讨论以及实验使学生掌握战略分析、战略选择和战略实施的基本方法,熟悉企业战略分析、制定、实施的基本方法和工具,培养学生战略思维观念和战略决策能力,初步具备企业战略管理实际应用能力。

Strategic-management concepts and techniques are studied. Students use all the knowledge acquired from prior business courses, coupled with new strategic-management techniques learned, to chart the future direction of different organizations. The major responsibility of students in this course is to make objective strategic decisions and to justify them through oral and written communication.

三、理论教学内容及学时分配Course Outlines and assignments

第一章  战略管理概论(8学时)

CH1 THE NATURE OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT (8hrs)

重点、难点及要求:战略管理的本质、概念、特点、作用;战略管理过程和系统,战略管理理论的演进以及战略管理者的构成。通过本章教学,使学生了解战略管理的演进过程,掌握战略与战略管理的含义、性质作用、重要概念及战略管理过程。

Key points: Chapter 1 provides an overview of strategic management. A practical, integrative model of the strategic-management process is introduced (mastering, application). Basic activities and terms in strategic management are defined (mastering). The benefits of strategic management are presented (understanding). Historical development of strategic management theories are also introduced (understanding).Important relationships between business ethics and strategic management are discussed (understanding).

第一节  战略管理的本质1.1 What is Strategic Management?

一、战略管理的本质及目的1.1.1 What is strategic management

二、战略管理的理论演进1.1.2 Historical development of strategic management

第二节 战略管理过程模型1.2 The Strategic-Management Model

一、战略管理三个过程   1.2.1 Stages of Strategic Management

二、直觉与分析相结合   1.2.2 Integrating Intuition and Analysis

第三节 战略管理相关概念1.3 Key Terms in Strategic Management

案例分析与讨论:IBM的战略变革Case Ch1-1: Strategic Change in IBM


第二章 企业愿景与使命(6学时)

CH2 THE BUSINESS VISION AND MISSION (6hrs)

重点、难点及要求:了解企业愿景、使命的含义及对战略管理过程的指导作用。重点掌握企业使命的表述方法和特征。

Key points: Chapter 2 focuses on the concepts and tools needed to evaluate and write business mission statements (mastering, application). A practical framework for developing mission statements is provided (mastering). Actual mission statements of large and small organizations and profit and nonprofit enterprises are presented and critically examined (understanding). Mastery of the process of creating a vision and mission statement and the importance of and characteristics of them should be required.

第一节  企业愿景2.1. What Do We Want to Become?

一、企业愿景的含义及作用 2.1.1 Vision statement

二、愿景与使命的关系 2.1.2 Vision vs. Mission

第二节  企业使命 2.2 What is our business?

一、使命的含义及作用2.2.1 Mission statement

二、使命陈述的形成过程2.2.2 The Process of Developing a Mission Statement

三、愿景与使命的重要性2.2.3 The Importance of Vision and Mission Statements

四、使命陈述的三个特征2.2.4Characteristics of a mission statement

五、使命陈述的组成要素2.2.5 Mission statement components 

案例展示:愿景与企业战略的关系Case ch2-1 HSBC sows seeds in Chinese countryside


第三章 企业环境分析(16学时)

CH3 THE EXTERNAL AUDIT (16hrs)

重点、难点及要求:外部环境分析主要从行业/组织理论角度对企业外部环境进行分类,并就其对企业的影响作用实施分析。要求理解外部环境的主要分类以及宏观环境分析方法。重点掌握波特的五种竞争力量模型、竞争对手分析法以及外部因素评价矩阵。难点在于如何在纷繁的宏观环境因素中,概况分析出对企业影响最为关键的因素,并能客观地判断企业对这些关键因素的有效反应程度。

内部环境分析以资源/能力学说的理论为主,对企业内部环境的特点以及企业资源、能力、核心能力进行分类,通过企业内部环境分析方法分析企业内部存在的优势及弱点。要求重点掌握企业核心能力分析和价值链分析,掌握企业财务能力、营销能力、生产管理能力、组织效能、文化分析的各种技术,掌握学习曲线及实际意义和企业内部因素评价矩阵;了解企业资源的分类。难点在于如何通过全面的价值活动分析,确认企业的优势及弱点,并真正理解价值活动与企业战略的关系。

Key points: Chapter 3 examines the tools and concepts needed to conduct an external strategic-management audit (sometimes called environmental scanning or industry analysis). An external audit focuses on identifying and evaluating trends and events beyond the control of a single firm. An external audit reveals key opportunities and threats confronting an organization (it’s difficult to students), so managers can formulate strategies to take advantage of the opportunities and avoid or reduce the impact of threats. This chapter presents a practical framework and guidelines for gathering, assimilating, and analyzing environmental information  (mastering, application). The Industrial Organization (I/O) view of strategic management is introduced (mastering). Students are required to master Five Forces Model, Competitor Analysis Model, IFE Matrix and understand SPENT. (understanding, mastering, application) 

Chapter 3 also focuses on identifying and evaluating a firm’s strengths and weaknesses in the functional areas of business (mastering, application. but it is difficult to students), including management, marketing, finance/accounting, production/operations, research and development, and management information systems. Relationships among these areas of business and the strategic implications of important functional area concepts are examined (understanding). The process of performing an internal audit is described. Strategies are formulated that take advantage of an organization’s internal strengths and improve upon weaknesses.  The Resource/Competence-Based View -Based View and RBV of strategic management is introduced as well as the Value Chain Analysis (VCA) concept and IFE Matrix (mastering)

第一节 外部环境本质及特征3.1 The Nature of an External Audit

一、外部环境的特点及分类3.1.1 Key External Forces

二、外部环境的度量 3.1.2 The Process of Performing an External Audit

第二节 行业/组织观点3.2 The Industrial Organization I/O) View

一、外部因素与内部因素对企业获得竞争优势的作用3.2.1 External Factors versus Internal Factors

二、 行业因素对企业绩效的影响3.2.2 Industrial factors Affecting Firm Performance

第三节 宏观环境因素分析3.3 Macro-environments Analysis --SPENT 

一、社会、文化、人口因素3.3.1 Social, Cultural, and Demographic Impact

二、政治、法律、法规因素3.3.2 POLITICAL, GOVERNMENTAL, AND LEGAL FORCES

三、经济因素3.3.3 ECONOMIC FORCES

四、技术因素3.3.4 TECHNOLOGICAL FORCES

五、自然环境因素3.3.5 Natural Forces

第四节 产业竞争性分析3.4 Industrial Analysis

一、现有竞争者间的竞争程度3.4.1 Rivalry among competitive firms

二、新加入者的威胁3.4.2 Potential entry of new competitors.

三、替代品的威胁3.4.3 Potential development of substitute products

四、购买者的议价力量3.4.4 Bargaining power of consumers

五、供应者的议价力量3.4.5 Bargaining power of suppliers

第五节 外部因素评价工具3.5 External Environments Analysis --Tools & Techniques

一、外部因素评价矩阵3.5.1 The External Factor Evaluation (EFE) Matrix

第六节 企业内部分析的本质  3.6 THE NATURE OF AN INTERNAL AUDIT

一、内部优势及弱点3.6 .1 Strengths and Weaknesses

二、关键的内部因素3.6 .2 Key Internal Forces

三、内部分析的过程 3.6 .3 The Process of Performing an Internal Audit

第七节 资源/能力学说 3.7 THE RESOURCE/COMPETENCE-BASED VIEW (R/C BV)

一、外部因素与内部因素对企业获得竞争优势的作用3.7.1 External Factors versus Internal Factors

二、取得优势的基本前提3.7.2 The Basic Premise

三、资源、能力的分类3.7.3 Resources and Competences

第八节 价值链分析 3.8 The Value chain analysis

一、何为价值3.8.1 Total value

二、企业价值活动分析3.8.2 Value activities analysis

第九节 学习效应  3.9 The Learning Curve

一、有关“学习”3.9.1 Background of “learning”

二、“学习”与实际管理工作3.9.2 “Learning” in Management

三、 学习曲线及对企业的现实意义3.9.3 The meaning of Learning curve and Management

第十节 内部因素评价矩阵以及竞争态势分析矩阵 

3.10 The Internal Factor Evaluation (IFE) Matrix and Competitive Profile Matrix

一、内部因素评价矩阵的操作步骤3.10.1 Five steps when developing IFE Matrix

二、IFE举例 3.10.2 EXAMPLE of IFE

三、竞争态势分析矩阵3.10.3 CPM

案例分析与讨论:双汇公司的价值链分析 Case ch3-1 Value Chain Activities in ShuangHui

案例分析与讨论:本田公司的核心能力 Case ch3-2 Core competences in Hongda

案例分析与讨论:Pick'n Pay公司的组织文化 Case ch3-3 Organizational culture in Pick’n Pay

CPM 举例EXAMPLE of CPM


第四章公司战略活动识别(8学时)

CH 5 STRATEGIES IN ACTION (8 hrs)

重点及要求:企业战略的层次、类型和各自应用的特点。重点业务层战略(一般性战略);重点掌握公司层战略中的各项发展战略的实施及其优缺点、适用条件;掌握稳定型战略与防御战略的类型与优缺点;了解战略组合与战略选择实践。

Key points: Chapter 4 brings strategic management to life with many contemporary examples. Sixteen alternative types of strategies are defined, exemplified and classified by different levels (mastering). Guidelines are presented when different types of strategies are most appropriate to pursue (understanding). Michael Porter’s work on competitive advantage, the value chain, and the generic strategies are discussed (mastering). Intensive strategy is also discussed (mastering) .

第一节 战略类别  4.1 TYPES OF STRATEGIES

一、战略层次4.1.1 Levels of Strategies

二、备选战略 4.1.2 Alternative Strategies

第二节  公司战略4.2 Corporate Level Strategies

一、发展战略-- 集中生产单一产品或服务的战略4.2.1 Growth strategies --Concentration strategy

二、发展战略-- 一体化战略4.2.2 INTEGRATION STRATEGIES

三、发展战略-- 多样化战略 4.2.3 DIVERSIFICATION STRATEGIES

四、发展战略的实施方式--并购4.2.4 Mergers and acquisitions

五、发展战略-- 竞合战略 4.2.5 CO-OPETITION

六、防御战略4.2.6. DEFENSIVE STRATEGIES

第三节 业务层战略—波特的一般性战略

4.3 Business level Strategies -- Porter’s Generic Strategies

一、成本领先战略 4.3.1 Cost Leadership

二、差异化战略  4.3.2Differentiation

三、聚焦战略    4.3.3 Focus

四、混合战略(最优成本供应商战略)4.3.4 Hybrid strategy

第四节 加强型战略 4.4 INTENSIVE STRATEGIES

一、市场渗透 4.4.1 Market Penetration

二、市场开拓4.4.2 Market Development

三、产品开发4.4.3 Product Development

案例分析与讨论: 博士伦与宝丽来 Case ch4-1 Polaroid and Bausch Lomb

案例分析与讨论:吉利集团的横向一体化战略 Case ch4-2 Greely’s horizontal integration strategy

案例分析与讨论: 春都集团--多元化战略的风险 Case ch4-3 Risks for Diversification Strategies

案例分析与讨论:金融危机下的通用汽车与雷曼兄弟银行 Case ch4-4 Defensive Strategies

案例阅读:一般性战略举例 Case ch4-5 Generic strategies

案例阅读:并购的风险 Case ch4-6 Risks for M&A


第五章战略评价与选择(8学时)

CH 6 STRATEGY ANALYSIS AND CHOICE (8 hrs)

重点及要求:战略评价的基本方法以及战略选择的过程。了解战略评价的基本方法以及战略选择的过程。重点掌握战略选择的各种方法及其优缺点;掌握战略选择的时机;了解战略选择的影响因素与常见误区。

Key points: Strategic analysis and choice largely involve making subjective decisions based on objective information. Chapter 5 introduces important concepts that can help strategists generate feasible alternatives, evaluate those alternatives, and choose a specific course of action (mastering). Behavioral aspects of strategy formulation are described, including politics, culture, ethics, and social responsibility considerations (understanding).

第一节 战略评价与选择的本质 5.1 THE NATURE OF STRATEGY ANALYSIS AND CHOICE

一、评价与选择在战略管理中的地位及作用 5.1.1 Identifying and evaluating alternative strategies

二、战略的产生与选择过程5.1.2 The Process of Generating and Selecting Strategies

第二节 全面的战略形成架构5.2 A COMPREHENSIVE STRATEGY-FORMULATION FRAMEWORK

一、投入阶段5.2.1 The Input Stage

二、匹配阶段5.2.2 The Matching Stage

三、决策阶段 5.2.3 The Decision Stage

第三节 战略选择中的企业文化、政治,公司治理问题

5.3 Cultural,Politics & Governance Issues of Strategy Choice

 案例分析:Gateway的QSPM Case ch5-1 QSPM for Gateway

案例分析:战略选择中的公司政治与公司治理问题

Case ch5-2 Politics & Governance Issues of Strategy Choice


第六章 战略实施中的管理及经营问题(8学时)

  CH7 IMPLEMENTING STRATEGIES S: MANAGEMENT AND OPERATIONS ISSUES (8 hrs)

重点、难点及要求: 本章主要内容为战略实施在战略管理过程中的地位及作用,在实施过程中战略资源的评估、规划与分配,在战略实施中如何管理冲突,建立适合企业战略的组织结构,优化业务流程以及管理变革。要求学生重点掌握战略实施在战略管理过程中的地位及作用、组织结构与战略的关系以及结构重构与业务流程再造的差异,理解变革管理冲突管理。

Key points: The strategic-management process does not end when the firm decides which strategy or strategies to pursue. There must be a translation of strategic thought into strategic action. This translation is much easier if managers and employees of the firm understand the business, feel a part of the company, and, through involvement in strategy-formulation activities, have become committed to helping the organization succeed. Without understanding and commitment, strategy-implementation efforts face major problems. Students are required to master the nature of implementation, the way to match strategy with structure and differences between restructuring and reengineering; understanding how to manage conflict and resistance to change.


第一节战略实施的实质 6.1THE NATURE OF STRATEGY IMPLEMENTATION

第二节战略实施中涉及的管理问题6.2 Management Issues for Strategy Implementation

一、建立年度目标 6.2.1 ANNUAL OBJECTIVES

二、制定公司策略 6.2.2 POLICIES

三、分配资源  6.2.3 RESOURCE ALLOCATION

四、冲突管理 6.2.4 MANAGING CONFLICT

五、战略与结构的匹配6.2.5 MATCHING STRATEGY WITH STRUCTURE

六、结构重构与业务流程再造6.2.6 RESTRUCTURING, REENGINEERING

七、 管理变革 6.2.7 MANAGING RESISTANCE TO CHANGE


第七章 企业战略回顾、评估与控制(6学时)

CH8 STRATEGY REVIEW, EVALUATION, AND CONTROL (6 hrs)

 重点及要求: 战略控制的作用、架构以及控制系统的设计方法。重点掌握战略评估的架构以及平衡记分卡使用和分析方法。理解战略评估的作用和设计方法。

Key points: The best formulated and implemented strategies become obsolete as a firm’s external and internal environments change. It is essential, therefore, that strategists systematically review, evaluate, and control the execution of strategies (understanding). Chapter 7 presents a framework that can guide managers’ efforts to evaluate strategic-management activities (mastering), to make sure they are working, and to make timely changes. Balanced scorecard being used to evaluate strategies are discussed (mastering).

第一节 战略评估的实质7.1 THE NATURE OF STRATEGY EVALUATION

一、战略评估的重要性 7.1.1 Importance of Strategy Evaluation

二、战略评估的过程 7.1.2 The Process of Evaluating Strategies

第二节 战略评估的架构7.2 A STRATEGY-EVALUATION FRAMEWORK

一、重新评价战略执行的基础8.2.1 Reviewing Bases of Strategy

二、评价工作绩效 7.2.2 Measuring Organizational Performance

三、采取纠正活动7.2.3 Taking Corrective Action

第三节 平衡计分卡7.3 THE BALANCED SCORECARD

 一、目的及意义7.3.1 Aims of balanced scorecard 

二、组成结及评价方法7.3.2 Evaluate strategies from 4 perspectives

案例阅读:诺基亚备忘录泄露困境 Case ch7-1  Doomsday memo from Nokia




教学进度安排:

第一章 战略管理概论 第一周

第二章 愿景与使命   第二周

第三章 环境分析     第三周至第九周

第四章 战略活动识别  第十周至第十一周

第五章 战略评价与选择  第十二周至地十三周

第六章 战略实施中的管理问题  第十四周

第七章 战略评估与控制  第十五周


参考资料

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  14th Edition, Pearson Education Asia Ltd and Tsinghua University Press, 2016

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