课时目标：Chapter 1 presents a brief introduction to macroeconomics. The chapter explains the type of questions macroeconomists address, introduces the concept of an economic model, and discusses the role of price flexibility and price stickiness in macroeconomic models.

课时目标：Chapter 2 is a straightforward chapter on economic data that emphasizes real GDP, the consumer price index, and the unemployment rate. This chapter contains a standard discussion of GDP and its components, explains the different measures of inflation, and discusses how the population is divided among the employed, the unemployed, and those not in the labor force. This chapter also introduces the circular flow and the relationship between stocks and flows.

课时目标：Chapter 3 of the Mankiw text presents an important but relatively straightforward classical model of the real side of the economy. Much of the material in the chapter (such as marginal products, factor demands, consumption and investment functions, and the like) is likely to be a review of materials covered in principles courses. The model of the chapter provides a complete description of how the real side of the economy works, in the sense that it explains all the markets and transactions illustrated in the circular flow diagram (Figure 3-1). The model is set up as follows: Production: Capital and labor stocks are fixed and, together with the production function, determine GDP. Distribution: GDP is paid to factors of production according to their marginal products. Euler’s theorem ensures that these factor payments exactly exhaust GDP. Allocation: GDP is allocated to consumption, investment, and government purchases according to a consumption function [C =C(Y – T)]), an investment function [I =I(r)], and fiscal policy. The real interest rate adjusts to ensure equilibrium in the goods (equivalently the loans) market. The model is long run in the sense that it assumes that prices are flexible and that markets clear. At the same time, however, it presents only a snapshot of the economy at a point in time because it assumes a fixed capital stock, labor force, and technology. The chapter has three primary goals: 1. To introduce students to some of the basic terms and concepts that will be used throughout the book, such as the production function, the consumption function, and the investment function. 2. To provide long-run answers to four questions: (a) What determines the level of real GDP? (b) What determines how GDP is distributed to labor and owners of capital? (c) What determines how GDP is allocated to consumption, investment, and government purchases? (d) What ensures equilibrium of the flows in the circular flow diagram? 3. To develop a model that is both a basis for further analysis and a benchmark for comparison as the book goes on to consider topics such as the determination of prices (Chapter 5), the open economy (Chapter 6), the Solow growth model (Chapters 8 and 9), and the IS–LM model (Chapters 11 and 12)

课时目标：This chapter presents standard material defining what money is and explaining how the money supply process works. The chapter begins by describing the functions and types of money along with how money is controlled and measured. Next, the chapter discusses the role of banks in the monetary system. Finally, the chapter closes with an analysis of how central banks influence the money supply and problems in monetary control.

课时目标：This chapter explains the classical theory of the causes, effects, and social costs of inflation. It introduces topics that are central for understanding the economy and presents concepts used elsewhere in the textbook. These topics include: 1. How the supply of and demand for money determine the average level of prices; 2. The effects of monetary policy when prices are flexible; 3. The social costs of inflation. The material in this chapter builds upon the discussion of money and the monetary system presented in Chapter 4.

课时目标：This chapter introduces a simple model of a small open economy in the long run. The main aims of the chapter are as follows: 1. To acquaint students with the terminology necessary for understanding the open economy. 2. To provide a simple model of international flows of capital and goods, emphasizing that these ultimately depend upon the determinants of saving and investment. 3. To present a simple model of the real exchange rate, emphasizing its role in ensuring that the current account and the capital account sum to zero. 4. To explain the determination of the nominal exchange rate.

课时目标：This is a relatively easy chapter that examines the determination of the natural rate of unemployment. It discusses why all free market economies have some unemployment and what determines the unemployment rate in the long run. In keeping with the long-run focus of Part II of the book, this chapter abstracts from cyclical unemployment completely.The chapter has four primary goals: 1. To show that unemployment is the natural consequence of labor force dynamics and that the rate of unemployment is determined by the rates of job separation and job finding. 2. To discuss how the process of job search leads to frictional unemployment and how government policies such as unemployment insurance influence the amount of frictional unemployment. 3. To discuss the various causes of wage rigidity (minimum wages, unions, and efficiency wages) and also how wage rigidity leads to structural unemployment. 4. To teach some of the important facts about patterns of unemployment in the United States and in Europe.

课时目标：These next two chapters present the Solow growth model. Although they are two of the more difficult chapters in the book, they cover material that students usually find interesting. Chapter 8 proceeds by first holding population and technology constant and showing how the rate of saving determines the steady state capital–labor ratio. The chapter then discusses the positive and normative implications of the Golden Rule level of accumulation. Following this, the model is expanded to consider population growth. The purpose of the chapter is to teach students about some of the determinants of economic well-being and to offer some explanations of international differences in living standards. The three sections of the chapter teach the following lessons: 1. The rate of saving determines the size of a country’s capital stock. Increases in the saving rate lead to temporarily higher growth and a permanently higher level of capital and output. 2. Because the U.S. economy has less capital than at the Golden Rule, raising consumption of future generations entails a sacrifice of consumption by current generations. 3. High population growth reduces steady-state income per worker because it is hard to maintain high capital per worker when the number of workers is growing quickly.

课时目标：This chapter continues the presentation of the Solow growth model started in Chapter 8. The chapter begins by adding labor-augmenting technological progress to the model. This addition completes the Solow growth model. Once the complete model is developed, it is used to address how public policy affects growth and development. The last section of the chapter examines some of the weaknesses of the Solow growth model and introduces the student to endogenous growth theory. In addition, there is an appendix on growth accounting based on the Solow growth model. Building on the lessons of Chapter 8, the three sections of this chapter teach the following lessons: 1. Technological progress is the sole determinant of growth in living standards in the long run. 2. Policymakers would like to increase saving and technological progress, but these goals are not easy to achieve. In addition, the productivity slowdown of the past two decades presents one of the most important and perplexing problems currently facing economists and policymakers. 3. A weakness of the Solow growth model is its failure to explain what drives technological progress. Endogenous growth theory attempts to incorporate the source of technological progress into a growth model.9-1 Technological Progress in the Solow Model9-2 From Growth Theory to Growth Empirics9-3 Policies to Promote Growth9-4 Beyond the Solow Model: Endogenous Growth Theory

课时目标：This chapter introduces students to short-run economic fluctuations, the importance of sticky prices, and the aggregate demand–aggregate supply model. The main aims of the chapter are the following: 1. To emphasize that prices are flexible in the long run but may be sticky in the short run and to show that sticky prices play an important role in models of economic fluctuations. 2. To introduce a simple quantity- equation aggregate demand curve (prior to the more general IS–LM theory of aggregate demand that is presented in Chapters 11 and 12). 3. To distinguish between the long- and short-run aggregate supply curves. 4. To introduce the idea of shocks to aggregate demand and aggregate supply as a source of economic fluctuations.

课时目标：Chapter 11 introduces students to the IS–LM model. The chapter is taken up principally with the derivation of the IS and LM curves, prior to the use of the model in Chapter 12.

课时目标：This chapter uses the IS–LM model to show the short-run effects of fiscal and monetary policies on output and the interest rate when prices are fixed. It also explains how the IS–LM model provides a theory of aggregate demand. It applies the model to study the Great Depression.

课时目标：Chapter 13 presents the Mundell–Fleming model of a small open economy in the short run. Essentially, it is a synthesis of the IS–LM model and the small open economy model of Chapter 6. The goals of this chapter are as follows: 1. To introduce students to the distinction between fixed and floating exchange rates. 2. To show how the short-run effects of monetary and fiscal policy depend crucially upon the exchange-rate regime. 3. To consider whether exchange rates should be fixed or floating

课时目标：CHAPTER 14 Aggregate Supply and the ShortRun Tradeoff Between Inflation and UnemploymentThis chapter summarizes current research on aggregate supply. It is divided into two parts. The first presents two prominent models of aggregate supply, emphasizing their common conclusion that output differs from the natural rate if prices differ from expected prices. The models are based on imperfections in goods markets that involve sticky prices or incomplete information. The second part moves from aggregate supply to the Phillips curve and uses this as a tool for discussing policy questions such as the costs of disinflation.14-1 The Basic Theory of Aggregate Supply14-2 Inflation, Unemployment, and the Phillips Curve