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SPOC学校专有课程
2021秋实用医学物理实验(自然)
第1次开课
开课时间: 2021年09月05日 ~ 2022年01月12日
学时安排: 4
当前开课已结束 已有 86 人参加
老师已关闭该学期,无法查看
spContent=医学物理学是一门实验科学,医学物理实验教学具有非常重要的地位。本课程学习物理实验的实验原理、误差理论等知识和方法,并得到实验技能的较严格训练,从而初步了解科学实验的主要过程与基本方法,为今后的学习和工作奠定良好的实验基础。 Medical Physics is an experimental science, the teachings of Medical Physics Experiment have the very important status.This course of physics experiment should train the college students how to learn experimental principle, error theory and methods of learning physics experiment gradually. Strict training of experimental skills, and a preliminary understanding of main process of scientific experiments and basic methods lay a good experimental foundation for future learning and work.
医学物理学是一门实验科学,医学物理实验教学具有非常重要的地位。本课程学习物理实验的实验原理、误差理论等知识和方法,并得到实验技能的较严格训练,从而初步了解科学实验的主要过程与基本方法,为今后的学习和工作奠定良好的实验基础。 Medical Physics is an experimental science, the teachings of Medical Physics Experiment have the very important status.This course of physics experiment should train the college students how to learn experimental principle, error theory and methods of learning physics experiment gradually. Strict training of experimental skills, and a preliminary understanding of main process of scientific experiments and basic methods lay a good experimental foundation for future learning and work.
—— 课程团队
课程概述

本课程为医学类各专业的基础课、必修课。是医学生完成学习医学基础、及临床课相衔接的桥梁课程,是医学生获得科学研究方法、熟悉使用医疗仪器设备、培养理性逻辑思维的重要渠道。

本课程的课程目标:

(1)系统的教给医药、生命学生现代医学所必要的物理学基本知识和基础理论,为后期专业课的学习和将来从事医药卫生和科研工作准备必要的物理基础。调动学生在课堂教学中的自主性、主动性、创造性,努力做到让学生通过自己的努力去探索和发现知识,培养学生的综合能力。

(2)通过实验,培养学生科学实验能力,训练学生科学实验的态度和作风,使学生获得一些物理实验方法和基本技能的锻炼。

This course is a basic course and a required course for all medical majors. It is also an important channel for medical students to acquire scientific research methods, be familiar with the use of medical equipment, and cultivate rational logical thinking.

The objectives of this course are,

(1) Systematically teach the students of medicine and life the basic knowledge and basic theory of physics necessary for modern medicine, and prepare the necessary physical basis for the later professional course study and future medical health and scientific research work. We should mobilize students' autonomy, initiative and creativity in classroom teaching, and strive to make students explore and discover knowledge through their own efforts, and cultivate their comprehensive ability.

(2) Through experiments, we can cultivate students' ability of scientific experiment, train their attitude and style of scientific experiment, and make students acquire some physical experiment methods and basic skills.

授课目标

【教学目标】

本课程为医学类各专业的基础课、必修课。是医学生完成学习医学基础、及临床课相衔接的桥梁课程,是医学生获得科学研究方法、熟悉使用医疗仪器设备、培养理性逻辑思维的重要渠道。本课程的课程目标

(1)系统的教给医药、生命学生现代医学所必要的物理学基本知识和基础理论,为后期专业课的学习和将来从事医药卫生和科研工作准备必要的物理基础。调动学生在课堂教学中的自主性、主动性、创造性,努力做到让学生通过自己的努力去探索和发现知识,培养学生的综合能力。

(2)通过实验,培养学生科学实验能力,训练学生科学实验的态度和作风,使学生获得一些物理实验方法和基本技能的锻炼。

【教学要求】

1.通过对实验现象的观察、分析和对物理量的测量,学习物理实验知识,加深对物理学原理的理解。

2.培养与提高学生的科学实验能力,其中包括:

    (1)能够通过阅读实验教材或资料,作好实验前的准备;

    (2)能够借助教材或仪器说明书正确使用常用仪器;

    (3)能够运用物理学理论对实验现象进行初步的分析判断;

    (4)能够正确记录和处理实验数据,绘制曲线,说明实验结果,撰写合格的实验报告;

    (5)能够完成简单的具有设计性内容的实验。

3.培养与提高学生的科学实验素养,要求学生具有理论联系实际和实事求是的科学作风,严肃认真的工作态度,主动研究的探索精神,遵守纪律、团结协作和爱护公共财产的优良品德。

[Teaching objectives]

This course is a basic course and a required course for all medical majors. It is also an important channel for medical students to acquire scientific research methods, be familiar with the use of medical equipment, and cultivate rational logical thinking. 

Course objectives of this course:

(1) Systematically teach the students of medicine and life the basic knowledge and basic theory of physics necessary for modern medicine, and prepare the necessary physical basis for the later professional course study and future medical health and scientific research work. We should mobilize students' autonomy, initiative and creativity in classroom teaching, and strive to make students explore and discover knowledge through their own efforts, and cultivate their comprehensive ability.

(2) Through experiments, we can cultivate students' ability of scientific experiment, train their attitude and style of scientific experiment, and make students acquire some physical experiment methods and basic skills.

[Teaching requirements]

1. Through the observation and analysis of experimental phenomena and the measurement of physical quantities, we can learn the knowledge of physical experiments and deepen the understanding of the principles of physics.

2. To cultivate and improve students' scientific experiment ability, including:

(1) Be able to prepare for the experiment by reading experimental materials or materials.

(2) Be able to correctly use common instruments with the help of teaching materials or instrument instructions.

(3) Be able to use physics theory to analyze and judge the experimental phenomena;

(4) Be able to correctly record and process experimental data, draw curves, explain experimental results, and write qualified experimental reports.

(5) It can complete simple experiment with design content.

3. To cultivate and improve students' scientific experimental literacy, students are required to have a scientific style of integrating theory with practice and seeking truth from facts, a serious and serious working attitude, an exploration spirit of active research, and good morality of observing discipline, unity and cooperation, and taking good care of public property.

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成绩 要求

本课程满分为一百分,成绩达到60分合格;成绩达到达到80分优秀。

The full score of this course is 100 points, 60 points can get the certificate of qualification; 80 points can get the certificate of excellence.

为了保障证书权威性,平台不再支持免费电子证书,只提供认证证书,100元每份。

In order to ensure the authority of the certificate, the platform no longer supports the free e-Certificate, only provides the authentication certificate(100 yuan).

课程大纲
实验绪论 Introduction to experiment
课时目标:了解医学物理课程介绍,物理与医学的关系,物理技术在医学中的应用,并深刻理解医学物理实验的重要性,医学物理实验的上课要求;并对本课程的上课方式,本实验室的科普工作等进行了解,提高对医学物理实验重要性的认识,并掌握实验学习的方法和方式。掌握实验误差理论,以及数据处理方式和方法,了解常见测量工具的使用原则和方法。Understand the introduction of medical physics course, the relationship between physics and medicine, the application of physical technology in medicine, and deeply understand the importance of medical physics experiment and the class requirements of medical physics experiment; understand the teaching method of this course and the popular science work of the laboratory, so as to improve the understanding of the importance of medical physics experiment and master the methods and methods of experimental learning. Master the experimental error theory, data processing methods and methods, and understand the use principles and methods of common measurement tools.
1.1 课程介绍 Course Introduction
1.2 物理学与医学的关系 Relationship between physics and medicine
1.3 物理学技术在医学中的应用 Application of physical technology in medicine
1.4 医学物理实验的重要性 Importance of medical physics experiment
1.5 医学物理实验的上课要求 Teaching requirements of medical physics experiment
1.6 网络直播 Webcast
1.7 虚拟仿真实验 Virtual simulation experiment
1.8 物理科普工作 Science popularization of Physics
2.1 测量及其分类 Measurement and classification
2.2 误差及其分类 Error and its classification
2.3 精确度和误差的表示形式 Representation of accuracy and error
2.4 直接测量和间接测量随机误差的估算 Estimation of random error of direct measurement and indirect measurement
2.5 有效数字及其运算规则 Significant digits and their operation rules
2.6 包含标准误差的运算规则 operation rules including standard error
2.7 实验数据图示法 Graphical method of experimental data
2.8 实验数据处理:逐差法和一元线性回归 Experimental data processing: successive difference method and univariate linear regression
基本长度测量 Basic length measurement
课时目标:理解游标卡尺和螺旋测微器的测量原理;掌握游标卡尺和螺旋测微计的使用;了解分光记的读数方法;理解误差传递公式。Understand the measuring principle of vernier caliper and screw micrometer; master the use of vernier caliper and screw micrometer, understand the reading method of spectrograph, understand the error transmission formula.
1.1 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
1.2 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
1.3 实验注意事项和思考题 Experimental precautions and thinking questions
用拉脱法测定液体表面张力系数Determination of liquid surface tension coefficient by pull off method
课时目标:掌握拉脱法测量表面张力的原理;熟悉焦利氏秤的结构和使用方法以及测量微小力的原理与方法;掌握弹簧倔强系数的测量方法。Master the principle of pull-out method to measure surface tension, be familiar with the structure and use method of jolly scale and the principle and method of measuring small force, master the measurement method of spring stubborn coefficient.
2.1 基础知识—表面张力 Basic knowledge - surface tension
2.2 基础知识—接触角和表面活性物质 Basic knowledge - contact angle and surfactant
2.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
2.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
2.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
杨氏模量的测定 Determination of Young's modulus
课时目标:掌握光杠杆测量微小长度变化的原理和方法;学会用逐差法处理数据,测定钢丝的杨氏模量;学会光杠杆和望远镜系统镜尺组的调整。Master the principle and method of measuring tiny length change with optical lever,learn to process data by difference method and measure Young's modulus of steel wire,learn to adjust optical lever and telescope system's mirror scale group.
3.1 基础知识—应力和应变 Basic knowledge - Stress and strain
3.2 基础知识—杨氏模量 Basic knowledge - Young's modulus
3.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
3.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
3.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
奥氏粘度计 Austenitic viscometer
课时目标:学会比较法测定液体黏度系数;加深对泊肃叶定律的理解Learn how to measure the viscosity coefficient of liquid by comparison, deepen the understanding of Poiseuille's law
4.1 基础知识—黏性流体的流动 Basic knowledge - Flow of viscous fluid
4.2 基础知识—泊肃叶定律 Basic knowledge - Poiseuille's law
4.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
4.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
4.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
超声声速的测定 Measurement of ultrasonic velocity
课时目标:掌握波传播速度求法的基本原理;了解超声波的产生、检测及驻波的形成原理;学会用驻波法和相位比较法测定超声波的声速。Master the basic principle of wave propagation velocity calculation, understand the generation and detection of ultrasonic wave and the formation principle of standing wave, learn to use standing wave method and phase comparison method to determine the sound velocity of ultrasonic wave.
5.1 基础知识—两个互相垂直的间谐波的合成 Basic knowledge -Synthesis of two interharmonics perpendicular to each other
5.2 基础知识—驻波 Basic knowledge -Standing wave
5.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
5.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
5.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
非正常眼的模拟与矫正 Simulation and correction of abnormal eyes
课时目标:学会测定透镜焦距的方法;理解眼睛成像的光学原理;了解眼睛屈光不正得得原因及其矫正方法。Learn to measure the focal length of lens, understand the optical principle of eye imaging, understand the causes of refractive error and its correction methods.
6.1 基础知识—薄透镜 Basic knowledge -Thin lens
6.2 基础知识—眼睛的屈光系统 Basic knowledge -The refractive system of the eye
6.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
6.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
6.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
人体皮肤电阻抗的频率特性 Frequency characteristics of skin electrical impedance in human body
课时目标:掌握生物组织电阻抗的概念;测量人体电阻抗的频率特性;学会数字信号发生器、毫伏表的使用方法。Master the concept of biological tissue impedance, measure the frequency characteristics of human body electrical impedance, and learn how to use digital signal generator and millivoltmeter.
7.1 基础知识—金属与电解质的导电性 Basic knowledge -Conductivity of metals and electrolytes
7.2 基础知识—人体内的电现象 Basic knowledge -Electrical phenomena in human body
7.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
7.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
7.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
旋光计的使用和测量 Use and measurement of polarimeter
课时目标:通过旋光现象,了解旋光计的结构原理,掌握旋光计的使用方法;学会测量旋光溶液的旋光度,计算旋光率和浓度。Through the optical rotation phenomenon, understand the structure and principle of the polarimeter, master the use method of the polarimeter, learn to measure the optical rotation of the solution, calculate the optical rotation rate and concentration.
8.1 基础知识—马吕斯定律 Basic knowledge -Marius law
8.2 基础知识—旋光现象和电磁场的光效应 Basic knowledge -Optical rotation and optical effect of electromagnetic field
8.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
8.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
8.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
分光计测光波波长 Wavelength measurement by spectrometer
课时目标:掌握分光计的调节和使用;了解光栅的特性;学会用衍射光栅测光波波长。Master the adjustment and use of spectrometer, understand the characteristics of grating, learn to use diffraction grating to measure light wavelength.
9.1 基础知识—单缝衍射 Basic knowledge - Single slit diffraction
9.2 基础知识—衍射光栅 Basic knowledge - Diffraction grating
9.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
9.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
9.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
扩散硅压力传感器测量人体血压 Measurement of human blood pressure by diffusion silicon pressure sensor
课时目标:了解扩散硅压力传感器的工作原理和工作状况;理解电子血压计的工作原理,并能利用压力传感器进行血压测量。Understand the working principle and working condition of diffusion silicon pressure sensor, understand the working principle of electronic sphygmomanometer, and be able to use pressure sensor to measure blood pressure.
10.1 基础知识—基尔霍夫定律 Basic knowledge - Kirchhoff's law
10.2 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
10.3 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
10.4 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
人耳听阈曲线的测定 Measurement of hearing threshold curve of human ear
课时目标:掌握声强级、强度级、等响曲线和听阈的概念;通过人耳听阈曲线的测定,熟悉使用听觉实验仪测听阈曲线的原理和基本方法;了解通常情况下人耳能感受到的机械波的频率和声强范围。To master the concepts of sound intensity level, intensity level, isointensity curve and hearing threshold, to be familiar with the principle and basic method of measuring the hearing threshold curve with an auditory experimental instrument through the measurement of human ear hearing threshold curve, to understand the frequency and sound intensity range of mechanical waves that can be felt by human ears under normal circumstances.
11.1 基础知识—声强和声强级 Basic knowledge - Sound intensity and sound intensity level
11.2 基础知识—超声波和次声波 Basic knowledge - Ultrasonic and infrasonic waves
11.3 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
11.4 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
11.5 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
生物显微摄影 Photography of biological microscope
课时目标:了解高清光学生物显微镜的使用,并能进行高标准照片的拍摄。Understand the use of high definition optical biomicroscope, and be able to take high standard photos.
12.1 基础知识—显微镜 Basic knowledge - Microscope
12.2 实验目的和实验原理 Purpose and principle of the experiment
12.3 实验器材和实验步骤 Experimental equipment and procedures
12.4 实验注意事项和思考题 Matters needing attention and thinking questions
展开全部
预备知识

高等数学、大学物理、医学物理学等

Advanced mathematics, college physics, medical physics, etc

参考资料

物理学实验指导  王晨光、武宏主编    人民卫生出版社

大学物理实验  徐建强、韩广兵    科学出版社

医学物理学实验指导  吴艳茹、杨海波、孟燕军   科学出版社

医学物理学实验     盖立平、仇惠、李乐霞     科学出版社

医用物理实验     付大伟     高等教育出版社

医学物理学实验   张淑丽    科学出版社

医用物理学实验  喀蔚波   北京大学医学出版社

医用物理学实验  俞航 匡宝平  科学出版社

医用物理学实验  王亚平 王昌军  科学出版社

医用物理学与电子学实验  廖吾清  科学出版社

医用物理学实验教程  陈涛、唐碧华  科学出版社

医用物理学实验  盛兴平  安徽大学出版社

医用物理学实验  魏杰、欧阳君  中国科学技术大学出版社

等等


常见问题

Q :  如何进行医学物理实验的学习?

A :  要通过看教材和慕课学习,掌握实验原理,了解实验仪器,然后书写预习报告;经过慕课测试后,然后和老师同学讨论;进入课堂后,进行实际仪器操作,进行数据处理,并和老师分析误差原因;书写实验报告,分析实验结果,并进行创新性思考。

Q: how to study medical physics experiment?

A: through reading the teaching materials and MOOCS, master the experimental principles, understand the experimental instruments, and then write the preview report. after the MOOC test, discuss with the teachers and students. after entering the classroom, carry out the actual instrument operation, data processing, and analyze the error reasons with the teacher. write the experimental report, analyze the experimental results, and carry out innovative thinking.

源课程

该SPOC课程部分内容来自以上源课程,在源基础上老师进一步增加了新的课程内容

山东大学
1 位授课老师
盖志刚

盖志刚

副教授

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